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Fluid energy is a powerful force that is not easily controlled. Fluids travel naturally at a given rate and direction until a change or obstruction happens. When fluids contained in a pipeline experience a change in velocity, a subsequent change in pressure arises which results in a hydraulic pressure transient /water hammer event. Pressure transients are a near certainty in pipelines due to sudden valve closures, pump start-up conditions and emergency pump stoppages from station power loss. When such valve closure or pump shut down occur water in the pipeline continue to flow in the direction till it meets the end causing a column separation and sudden stressing of weak points like bends or joints due to flow reversal.
Such Breaks or ruptures in the pipelines can dramatically cut off an area’s water supply and often becomes a major news event seen on Television and the Internet.
With more and more cities replying on desalination plants for fresh water needs, a solution is necessary to fully address the transient and prevent it from causing potentially catastrophic damage to the pipeline, corresponding equipment and the surrounding environment.
To prevent this, Shalin Composites India Pvt. Ltd. has indigenously developed surge suppression vessels with an elastomeric bladder. Such vessels are located near pump outlet or near valves where sudden closure is likely to occur due to process requirements. These vessels store the hydraulic energy of surges in form of pressure, when such surges occur and prevent piping from sudden rupture or failure.
The surge suppression vessel is a essentially a pressure vessel with a suitable elastomeric bladder. A screen fitted at the inlet nozzle of vessel prevents any sharp object to enter in vessel along with flow. During normal operation the vessel gets filled with pipeline fluid. The bladder is charged with compressed air or gas and is in inflated state. The bladder gets compressed to a certain level due to line pressure.
In the event of valve closure or pump stall the surge in the line enter the vessel and compresses the bladder. The bladder then contracts and expands till the surge is suppressed and the line pressure is brought to normal. Thus the bladder acts as a shock absorber in pipe line thus preventing any failures in pipe lines.
